Researchers from Massachusetts Institute of Technology have formulated a new theory that proves that magnets are capable of acting as wireless cooling agents and may be used in the future to cool laptops and refrigerators.

The theory describes the motion of magnons. Magnons are quasi-particles in magnets that are collective rotations of magnetic moments, also known as 'spins'. These magnons are also known to conduct heat. Scientists revealed that when these magnons come in contact with a magnetic field gradient, they tend to move from one end of a magnet to another, while carrying heat with them and subsequently producing a cooling effect.

Bolin Liao, a graduate student in MIT's Department of Mechanical Engineering, said that heat can be pumped from one side to another, therefore allowing one to use the magnet as a refrigerator. This opens up the doors for the possibility of wireless cooling, where a magnetic field is applied to a magnet a few meters away in order to cool a laptop or a refrigerator. Unlike conventional refrigerators that keep cool by pumping fluid through a set of pipes, a magnetically driven refrigerator would require no moving parts whatsoever.    

Liao and his colleagues devised two new equations to describe magnon transport. Using these equations, the scientists predicted a new magnon cooling effect, which was similar in nature to the thermoelectric cooling effect. In the thermoelectric cooling effect, magnons may carry heat from one end of a magnet to the other when they were exposed to a magnetic field gradient.

The properties of a common magnetic insulator were used to model the manner in which this magnon cooling effect would work in existing magnetic materials. While this effect was found to be small, a cooling effect was generated by the material in response to a moderate magnetic field gradient. At cryogenic temperatures, this effect was found to be more significant.
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Legally, a blind person is one "who is incapable of recognising the object( in terms of colour perception )." But, in today's technology, there has been a lot of inventions to restore the vision of the blind , apart from the conventional eye transplant . So, the new technology in the town is a device called "BrainPort"  which helps partially restore vision for a person with the help of his tongue. Confused? , let's see it,

Reality is, 

Neuroscientist Paul Bach-y-Ritahypothesized in the 1960s that "we see with our brains not our eyes." Now, a new device trades on that thinking and aims to partially restore the experience of vision for the blind and visually impaired by relying on the nerves on the tongue's surface to send light signals to the brain.

So, how does "Brainport" actually function?

About two million optic nerves are required to transmit visual signals from the retina—the portion of the eye where light information is decoded or translated into nerve pulses—to the brain's primary visual cortex. 

• With BrainPort, the device being developed by neuroscientists at Middleton, Wisc.–based Wicab, Inc., visual data are collected through a small digital video camera about 1.5 centimeters in diameter that sits in the center of a pair of sunglasses worn by the user. Bypassing the eyes, the data are transmitted to a handheld base unit, which is a little larger than a cell phone. This unit houses such features as zoom control, light settings and shock intensity levels as well as a central processing unit (CPU), which converts the digital signal into electrical pulses—replacing the function of the retina.
• From the CPU, the signals are sent to the tongue via a "lollipop," an electrode array about nine square centimeters that sits directly on the tongue. Each electrode corresponds to a set of pixels. White pixels yield a strong electrical pulse, whereas black pixels translate into no signal. Densely packed nerves at the tongue surface receive the incoming electrical signals, which feel a little like Pop Rocks or champagne bubbles to the user.
• It remains unclear whether the information is then transferred to the brain's visual cortex, where sight information is normally sent, or to its somatosensory cortex, where touch data from the tongue is interpreted, Wicab neuroscientist Aimee Arnoldussen says. "We don't know with certainty," she adds.

The challenge of "rehacking" vision

The key to the device may be its utilization of the tongue, which seems to be an ideal organ for sensing electrical current. Saliva there functions as a good conductor, Seiple said. Also it might help that the tongue's nerve fibers are densely packaged and that these fibers are closer to the tongue's surface relative to other touch organs. (The surfaces of fingers, for example, are covered with a layer of dead cells called stratum corneum.)

"Many people who have acquired blindness are desperate to get their vision back," Nau says. Although sensory substitution techniques cannot fully restore sight, they do provide the information necessary for spatial orientation. Along with the blind, the BrainPort could help people with visual defects such as glaucoma, which leads to the loss of peripheral vision, and macular degeneration, which degrades sight at the center of the visual field.

A Typical Video showing a blind man using BrainPort and recognising the world around him.

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If you have ever tried to watch a video on the tablet on a sunny day, you know you have to tilt it at just the right angle to get rid of glare or invest in a special filter. But now scientists are reporting that they have developed a novel glass surface that reduces glare and reflection, which continue to plague even the best mobile displays today.

Research is being done in the field of anti-reflective and anti-glare technology. In the highly competitive digital age, any bonus feature on a device gives it an edge. But for the most part, that hasn't included an integrated anti-glare, anti-reflective display. Users still typically have to dish out extra cash for a filter or film.

Some of the questionable effectiveness - to lay on top of their glass screens so that they can use the devices in bright light. One of the most promising developments include layering anti-reflective nano-structures on top of an anti-glare surface. But the existing technique doesn't work well with glass, the material of choice for many electronic displays, so Pruneri's team at ICFO (The Institute of Photonic Sciences) set out to find a new method.

On a very fine scale, they roughened a glass surface so it could scatter light and off glare but without hurting the glass's transparency. Then the researchers etched nano-sized teeth into the surface to make it anti-reflective. In addition to achieving both of these visual traits, the researchers showed the textured surface repelled water, mimicking a lotus leaf. Although the anti-glare roughening protects the nano-sized teeth, further research is needed to ensure that the surface can withstand heavy touchscreen use. This is inexpensive and can easily be scaled up for industry use.

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Although Fahlberg's poor hygiene would be considered a nightmare for most lab practices today, his discovery expanded consumers' choices in the food industry.

Artificial sweeteners surely top the invention list for those of you with a sweet tooth. But do you know the story of how saccharin, one of the first sweeteners, came to be?

Working in the lab of Ira Remsen at Johns Hopkins University, Constantine Fahlberg discovered saccharin by chance in 1879 while synthesizing other chemicals. As was the case with other accidental inventors, Fahlberg unknowingly carried some of his work home with him on his hands.

While eating at home, he noticed that his bread tasted particularly sweet, even though no sugar had been added to his meal. Connecting the dots, Fahlberg realized that the sweetness originated from the substance he was working with in the lab. After running more tests on the strange, sugary substance, Fahlberg patented saccharin independently -- a decision that angered Remsen, who had collaborated with Fahlberg to create the compound.

Years later, saccharin can be found in many products, including the popular artificial sweetener Sweet'N Low or SugarFree. Since saccharin is not metabolized by the body, it's virtually a non-calorie option. In reality, one gram of the sweetener contains less than five calories, which is usually reported as zero, according to U.S. Food and Drug Administration standards. Saccharin appeals to people looking to sweeten food without sugar, especially those living with diabetes -- a condition in which sugar levels are already high in the bloodstream.

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No one wants to be called a zero in terms of intelligence, but having zero-sized intelligence in computing means packing a whole lot of brains in a tiny, tiny package. Well, in today's world, nanotechnology is the nearest that mankind has come to reducing the size of computer brains. Although the sector of nanotechnology is still to be developed much, some futuristic minds have gone further to explore zero size artificial intelligence. Let's see, what is the actual status of this branch of technology.

Does anything called ZERO-SIZE TECHNOLOGY exist?

Computer companies encourage forward-thinking creativity, and some, such as Intel, even have futurists on board to predict where technology is headed. Futurist Brian David Johnson sees the future advance of computing to so small a size that the housing for the computer itself is almost zero. We have the technology to put computers almost anywhere and in almost anything. Computers used to take up entire rooms, then whole desktops, laps and palms, to micro-chip-sized casings and atom-powered transistors invisible to the naked eye.

Many have predicted that the shrinking of computing size would also lead to the end of something called Moore's Law. Gordon E. Moore, a co-founder of Intel, famously predicted that every two years the number of transistors on a chip will roughly double every 24 months. As computer brains have diminished in size -- with some models powered by just five atoms and one-atom developments about 10 to 20 years down the road -- getting smaller may reach an end point as atomic transistors replace chips. Whether the low cost will trickle down despite the high cost of innovating such small transistors remains to be seen.

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For more than a century, air cars have remained a quixotic quest of engineers-an idealistic exercise with little long-term likelihood of entering mass production. As fuels go, air has obvious upsides: It's ubiquitous, clean, and best of all, free. But air requires energy to store energy because it must be compressed, limiting the utility of an all-air car.

Two engineers from French automaker PSA Peugeot Citroen thought they could overcome that problem by pairing two tried-and-true technologies: a gasoline engine and hydraulics. To test the concept, they formed the Hybrid Air Program in 2010 and connected the engine of a subcompact car to a commercial airplane's hydraulic system. "We were trying to push the project against a lot of people who didn't trust the fact that we would succeed," says engineer Karim Mokaddem.

The Hybrid Air power train, uses a hydraulic pump and a piston to compress the nitrogen gas in a tank called the high-pressure accumulator. Hitting the accelerator releases the pressurized gas, which then moves hydraulic fluid through the same pump in reverse. The pump acts as a motor to power the wheels and the hydraulic fluid ends up in a second tank.

During normal driving, the system will switch between gas and air power. Much like the hybrid-electric vehicles, the gasoline engine provides a boost up steep hills and on the highway, and it repressurizes the nitrogen tank if the regenerative-braking system hasn't done so.

For urban driving less than 43 miles per hour, between 60 and 80 percent of drive time will be under air power alone. Compared with gasoline-electrics, the Hybrid Air power train is lighter and cheaper, and there are no bulky batteries that wear out or intrude on passenger and trunk space. The system is designed to live for the life of the vehicle. The only possible will be an air recharge.

• The Hybrid Air Car uses compressed nitrogen, which is held in a tank called the High-Pressure Accumulator.
• A hydraulic pump and piston compress nitrogen in the accumulator. When the nitrogen is released, the pump runs in the reverse. Acting now as a motor, it harnesses the energy of the moving hydraulic fluid to send power to the wheels.
• After the hydraulic fluid passes through the motor, it flows to the low-pressure accumulator, where it is stored for later use.

This is the perfect Environmentally Friendly Car.

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A new microwave may soon be able to tell you the precise calorie count of food that goes inside. That's good news for health nuts who microwave a lot, though they are perhaps a small niche group. For micriwavers who aren't that into fitness, though it could be a bit unsettling. It might not be as easy to ignore as the panel on the back of that box of frozen processed food you're about to nuke.

GE has combined devices that use advanced sensor technology to estimate the fat content, water content, and weight of food in question in order to automatically calculate dietary calories.

Infact, automatic calorie estimation for foods actually consumed does not yet exist. The solution maybe to use advanced sensor technology to measure the actual meal that you eat, rather than relying on an archived database of values.

To assess the three key dimensions for its estimates - fat content, water content and weight. This can be done because water and fat interact with microwaves very differently.

First, consumer goods manufacturers are looking at ways to combine sensors, connectivity and powerful server-side processing to deliver rapid, granular data to people on a routine basis. Everything around us is measurable, and creating devices that can automatically gather the data and send it on for processing, making it meaningful is rapidly becoming commonplace.

Second, "and more particularly, giving people accurate readings of the calories they're consuming as well as, with fitbit-type devices, what they're burning-is a big step toward real-time health management rather than disease detection,"GE explained.
Tastier meals, easier preparation, painless cleanup are all possibilities.

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A Finnish inventor is trying to save the environment and prevent fire hazards by inventing the ASMO charger - The World's First Intelligent Phone Charger that switches off immediately once your smartphone is no longer charging.

The ASMO charger is a 3D-printed AC/DC charger that does not consume any standby power at all. When you plug the smart phone in, the charger uses a small amount of power from the smartphone battery to start the flow of energy.

Once the phone is charged, even if the charger is left plugged into the wall, it shuts itself down automatically and isolates itself from the electricity grid.

"Mobile phone chargers consume power, even if there is no phone connected to it. In one year, for every mobile charger you own, you pay for 8,000 watts of wasted energy, [Equivalent to keeping your laptop running for 260 hours or leaving your lights on for a month," the ASMO video states. 

"There are almost seven billion mobile phones in the world. By leaving mobile phone chargers on, we use the equivalent of two nuclear power plants or 25,000 wind power mills."

The charger comes with several different connectors, including the Apple 30-pin connector (iPhone 4S and below), the new lighting connector and Micro-USB (Suitable for most Android phones).

Users can also choose to buy either a US or EU 2-Prong plug design by pledging at least $29 on kick starter, but the ASMO charger does not come with the UK-standard 3 prongs design.

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Partying at home is an awesome idea and worth enjoying but the problem of washing the remains of a party is somewhat annoying. It is also an issue when one gets back home and finds every plate and utensil dirty and un-clean.
A new invention of Bake.A.Dish will hopefully eliminate this problem forever. The new invention is able to make the kitchenware with the bread which can hold the food whether it is curry or soup.

The new machine is able to make plates and bowls up to 16 inches in diameter and let you eat the bowl at the end. It looks a bit funny but it is really yummy. The app controlled gadget is able to calculate the size of the plate on the basis of calories needed by a user.

According to the inventor, "The product is aiming at personalizing your dinnerware, making a more sustainable alternative to disposable dinnerware and adding a fix of fiber to one's daily diet. By customizing the size of the food dishes according to one's special needs and adding a controlled amount of fiber and carbohydrates to the diet it promises a healthier eating lifestyle." He explained the way two shape-shifting modes make different sized bowls and plates. All you need is just flour and water in order to make a bowl or a plate. It would be interesting to know how beautifully it is devised to hold the liquid.

It is a solar powered machine and requires less water as compared to washing a plate or a bowl so it is economical as well as eco-friendly. It makes the machine a sustainable solution with fun.

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