Want X-ray vision like the man of
steel? A technology that lets you see behind walls could soon be built in to
your cell phone.
Researchers at MIT's Computer Science
and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory have developed what could become
low-cost, X-ray vision. The system, known as "Wi-Vi," is based on a
concept similar to radar and sonar imaging, but rather than using high-power
signals, this tech uses reflected Wi-Fi signals to track the movement of people
behind walls and closed doors.
Dina
Katabi, a professor in MIT’s Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer
Science, and her graduate student Fadel Adib have tuned a system that uses two
transmission antennas and a single receiver. The two antennas transmit almost
identical signals, except the second antenna's signal is the inverse of the
first, resulting in interference.
This
interference causes the signals to cancel each other out. Since any static
objects that the signals hit create identical reflections, they are also
cancelled out by this effect. Only the reflections that change between the two
signals, like moving bodies on the other side of the wall, arrive back at the
receiver, allowing the system to track the moving people.
Adib
says, "So, if the person moves behind the wall, all reflections from
static objects are cancelled out, and the only thing registered by the device
is the moving human."
Previous
attempts to see through walls in this manner have done so using an array of spaced antennas, which
capture the signal reflected off of moving people in the room. Such systems,
though effective, would be too cumbersome and expensive for use in a handheld
device. By using just one receiver, the new system effectively measures the
time it takes for signals to reflect, leading to a calculation of location.
Relying
on low-cost Wi-Fi technology, the Wi-Vi system could be utilized in everything
from disaster recovery to gaming. Because the device can detect action behind a
wall, the system could be used as a gesture-based interface for controlling
appliances or lighting.
Here’s a small video of how WiVi works:
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